Rosmarinic Acid
Rosmarinic acid is a polyphenol with two benzene rings, and each of these has two hydroxyl groups branching off. In addition these two rings are connected by a compound containing a carboxyl unit. This structure makes it a very strong antioxidant, as well as having anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties. Read more about how this chemical structure works to fight free radicals.
Rosmarinic acid is found in the Lamiaceae family of plants, which is the mint family. Some herbs that are high in rosmarinic acid include oregano, sage, lemon balm, marjoram, perilla (also known as Chinese basil), wild mint, hyssop, comfrey and of course rosemary.
Studies have shown that rosmarinic acid can relieve allergies by killing off excess immune responder cells in the system that have been triggered by the allergen. It does not affect responder cells that are in the resting state, so they are still free to fight off other attacks to the immune system. Researchers have found that rosmarinic acid acts by both preventing your body from activating T cells, and preventing them from proliferating. Studies with mice have shown that rosmarinic acid prevented asthma caused by dust mites, and inhibited lung injuries from diesel exhaust particles. A study with humans showed that perilla leaf enriched with rosmarinic acid was an effect treatment for seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. It especially inhibited eye-related symptoms such as itching. Read more about these studies.
Rosmarinic acid has been used topically as an anti-inflammatory drug. Studies show it can be absorbed into the skin, especially when mixed with alcohol. It is an antibacterial against several types of bacteria, and also inhibits gingivitis and plaque formation on the teeth and gums. Because of its ability to prevent cell damage caused by free radicals, rosmarinic acid can protect against cancer and atherosclerosis.
Rosmarinic acid has been used as a food preservative. In Japan perilla extract is used to preserve shellfish. It has been used to treat peptic ulcers, cataracts and rheumatoid arthritis. This phytonutrient is being studied for its ability to break up amyloid-beta proteins in the brain that are caused by Alzheimer's Disease. Perhaps this is why rosemary is known as the herb 'for remembrance'.
Besides being widely available in many herbs, rosmarinic acid can be purchased as a supplement from several different companies. This is a natural product that doesn't require the same testing as drugs, so buyer beware. While there aren't any adverse effects reported so far, certain people such as pregnant or breastfeeding women should avoid taking supplements that haven't been properly tested.
The information on this page is not meant to be used in treatment of medical conditions. Please seek the advice of a physician about any medical condition or symptom. Those with medical conditions should consult a medical professional about the appropriateness of taking dietary supplements or diet therapy, and how these methods will interact with their medications.